What are the main characteristics of active learning methods?

Joséphine Vigouroux

Teaching has undergone a remarkable evolution over the years, moving from a traditional teacher-centered model to more dynamic approaches emphasizing active student participation. Active pedagogies, at the heart of this transformation, offer an immersive learning experience, fostering students' personal development and their ability to take ownership of their knowledge. Montessori is one of these active pedagogies, and we've written an article on the subject. If you'd like to find out what it's all about, we invite you to read it

The Context: A Concrete Learning Experience

At the heart of these pedagogies is a concrete learning experience. Classrooms are no longer just places for passive listening, but interactive environments where engagement is encouraged. Practical projects, group discussions, and experimental activities are becoming common practice, offering students an opportunity to truly connect with the material being taught.

The roles of the child and the teacher are modified to allow for varying degrees of learning control

In this paradigm shift, the traditional roles of the child and the teacher are modified. The teacher becomes a guide, a facilitator who stimulates curiosity, encourages critical thinking, and supports students in their autonomous learning process. For their part, children become active learners, taking charge of their education, asking questions, exploring, and discovering through experimentation. This way of teaching children is considered an innovative learning method. In this article, we explain the different characteristics that make a school considered 'innovative'.

Active Involvement and Experimentation

One of the key characteristics of active pedagogies is the emphasis on involvement and experimentation. Students are encouraged to apply their knowledge in real-world contexts, to experiment, and to draw conclusions for themselves. Whether through simulations, research projects, or practical experiments, each activity is an opportunity for meaningful learning. 

The active pedagogy approach to mathematics is an example of active involvement and experimentation for children at école M.

Click here to listen to Radio France's fascinating podcast 'Le temps des pédagogies innovantes, l'enfant au centre de l'école'.

Interaction, Collaboration, and Group Learning

Peer interaction, collaboration, and group learning play a crucial role in these pedagogical approaches. Students learn to work together, share their ideas, and solve problems collectively, thereby fostering the development of essential social skills for their future.


In summary, active pedagogies transform the educational landscape by emphasizing engagement, experimentation, collaboration, and learner empowerment in their knowledge acquisition process. This approach not only prepares them for the challenges of the modern world but also stimulates their intrinsic curiosity, thereby establishing a solid foundation for continuous and sustainable learning.

If you are looking for an institution offering these types of pedagogies, we have listed all Montessori and Freinet-type schools for you in the following two articles: